Archive for President Mubarak

Last-minute campaigning was taking place on Friday ahead of the final round of a referendum on a new, Islamist-backed constitution that has plunged the country into crisis.

The draft charter is expected to be adopted in Saturday's plebiscite, following a first-round last weekend that showed 57 percent support, according to unofficial tallies.

But analysts warned the vote would not put a halt to the month-long crisis pitting President Mohamed Morsy and his Islamist camp against the broad, secular-leaning opposition.

The conflict has sparked weeks of demonstrations and several violent clashes, including ones outside Morsy's presidential palace on 5 December that killed at least eight people and wounded hundreds.

Egypt's powerful military has deployed tanks around the palace and provided 120,000 troops to help maintain security during the referendum, but it is trying to stay above the fray.

The judicial situation around and beyond the vote has also become clouded.

Many judges are refusing to oversee the referendum, prompting Morsy to split the vote over a week.

And the country's chief prosecutor, Taalat Abdallah, this week said he was stepping down after protests by hundreds of prosecutors — but on Thursday retracted his resignation.

Morsy had appointed Abdallah a month ago in one of his first decisions after giving himself near-absolute powers, a move that triggered the protests and united a previously disparate opposition.

The unrest forced the president to rescind the decree, but he kept Abdallah in his post.

Economically, the crisis has knocked the legs out from under Egypt, which is winded since the early 2011 revolution that ousted the 30-year autocratic regime of Hosni Mubarak.

The International Monetary Fund has put on hold a US$4.8 billion loan Egypt needs to stave off a currency collapse.

Germany has indefinitely postponed a plan to forgive $316 million of Egypt's debt, after Development Minister Dirk Niebel reportedly said "there is the danger that the dictatorial system of ousted president Mubarak is returning."

The head of the National Salvation Front opposition coalition, former UN atomic energy agency chief Mohamed ElBaradei, warned in an online video posted overnight that "currently, the country is on the verge of bankruptcy."

He said "a solution is still possible," as long as Morsy was prepared for "sincere dialogue" and allowed a whole new constitution to be drafted through a more inclusive process.

Supporters of both sides have taken to the streets to sway voters to their side of the debate.

In Giza, a southwestern Cairo district that will vote on Saturday, an opposition campaign volunteer who give his first name as Maher said he pointed out to passersby "who remains committed to the revolution and who betrayed it" —  implying that Morsy's Muslim Brotherhood had let down the country.

A pro-constitution campaigner in the same area, Abdallah Hassan, said his counter pitch was to inform people of "the benefits that will come out of this constitution by voting 'yes'," principally stability after so many months of turmoil.

Campaigning was to step up later Friday, after traditional weekly Muslim prayers.

Observers said that even if the draft charter was adopted as expected the political confrontation would drag on.

"Everything suggests the vote will go the way the Muslim Brotherhood wants …. But the misleading conclusion it will take away is that there is an overwhelming victory allowing it to continue on its chosen path," Hassan Nafaa, an analyst and commentator, said in Al-Masry Al-Youm.

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Germany is insisting that President Mohamed Morsy go ahead with his upcoming visit to Berlin, despite earlier comments warning that Egypt was at risk of renewed dictatorship.

German government Spokesperson Steffen Seibert emphasized Monday the importance of "having a dialogue with this important Arab country."

Morsy is scheduled to pay his first visit to Germany at the end of January.

Germany had earlier announced it was postponing a 240 million euro partial debt relief plan for Egypt, while expressing concerns over Egypt's political future.

German Development Minister Dirk Niebel told the daily Berliner Zeitung on Monday, “There’s the danger that the dictatorial system of the deposed President Mubarak is simply resurrected with other people.”

Niebel added that Instability in Egypt, as well as the deteriorating political situations in neighboring countries like Syria, Lebanon and Jordan, endanger the whole region, adding that his government had reduced its contacts with the Egyptian government indefinitely.

However, he expressed his country’s readiness to support democracy and law in Egypt, saying, “It’s in the hands of the Egyptian government.”

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Germany has postponed a 240 million euro partial debt relief plan for Egypt, while expressing concerns over a renewed dictatorship in Egypt.

German Development Minister Dirk Niebel told the daily Berliner Zeitung on Monday, “There’s the danger that the dictatorial system of the deposed President Mubarak is simply resurrected with other people.”

Niebel added that Instability in Egypt, as well as the deteriorating political situations in neighboring countries like Syria, Lebanon and Jordan, endanger the whole region, adding that his government had reduced its contacts with the Egyptian government indefinitely.

However, he expressed his country’s readiness to support democracy and law in Egypt, saying, “It’s in the hands of the Egyptian government.”

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Constituent Assembly member Mohamed Abdel Moneim al-Sawy said he received threats from Public Prosecutor Abdel Meguid Mahmoud after he had filed a complaint against him on Sunday, accusing him of covering up corruption cases.

“The public prosecutor phoned me and threatened that he possesses old documents that he would file against me soon if I do not withdraw the complaints I submitted against him to the Justice Minister,” Sawy told Muslim Brotherhood-affiliated satellite channel Misr 25 late Monday over the phone.

Former MP Essam Sultan confirmed Sawy's claim on his Facebook page Monday. " Mr. public prosecutor, we reject your threats, we will never stop, the law will be applied with you," he wrote.

The public prosecution, led by Mahmoud, has been under fire since the exoneration of former Interior Ministry officials from charges of ordering the murder of pro-democracy protesters who forced former president Mubarak to step down in February 2011. Protesters have demanded the removal of Mahmoud over the institution's failure to gather sufficient evidence to convict the defendants.

A fresh wave of protest voicing the same demand followed the acquittal of several key officials from Mubarak's now-dissolved National Democratic Party on charges that they killed protesters in February 2011 in Tahrir Square, a case famously known as the Battle of the Camel.

In October, President Mohamed Morsy ordered Mahmoud to be appointed as ambassador to the Vatican, practically removing him from office, but the latter refused the new post and said he would maintain his office. Morsy yielded to pressure from the judiciary and backtracked on his decision.

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President Mohamed Morsy’s claim that he possesses recordings of both enemies and supporters of the revolution were criticized by politicians on Sunday, who accused him of making unfounded accusations.

During his visit to Assiut University on Friday, Morsy said, “We have recordings of some of the supporters and opponents of the revolution, and specifically those who are manipulating the people’s problems … when they know nothing about them …”

A dispute recently erupted between the presidency and the public prosecutor when Essam al-Erian, a Freedom and Justice Party leader and an adviser to the president, said the presidency is recording phone calls with public figures, including the public prosecutor. The presidency, however, said Erian’s statements were false.

George Ishaq, a founding member of the Constitution Party, told privately-owned Youm7 on Friday that Morsy should present documents to substantiate his accusations, instead of unjustifiably classifying people into “supporters” and “opponents” of the revolution.

Egyptian Social Democratic Party Vice President Farid Zahran, said, “Morsy should have not made references to recordings of politicians he possesses if they were recorded in an illegal way. But if they were recorded in a legal way, then he should present them to concerned authorities so he will not be a covering up for corruptors and enemies of the revolution,” independent daily Al-Shorouk reported.

Abdel Ghaffar Shokr, deputy founder of the Socialist Popular Alliance Party, told the same paper that Morsy’s statements are an implicit threat to the opposition.

"We are Sorry Mr. President," a well-known Facebook page that supports ex-President Hosni Mubarak, published a post that read, “We too have recordings of those who created chaos and hijacked the revolution. The true criminals are those who agreed with Hamas, Al-Qaeda and Hezbollah to break into prisons and police stations to release their leaders when President Mubarak gave orders to the army to protect citizens and establishments.” The post indirectly refers to the Muslim Brotherhood, to which Morsy formerly belonged.  

 

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Hosni Mubarak's last prime minister, who lost his bid for the presidency in June, said on Thursday he would return to Egypt and criticized a corruption investigation against him that would mean he is arrested at the airport if he does.

Ahmed Shafiq left Egypt after losing a presidential election to the Muslim Brotherhood's Mohamed Morsy. On Wednesday, a judge said he was on a "watch list" and would be detained at the border on his return.

"The decision to place me on a watch list is political," said Shafiq told Sky News Arabia from Dubai. "I will return to Egypt when it is suitable for me to do so."

Shafiq is under investigation over the allocation of 40,000 square meters of land to the two sons of former President Mubarak, who was ousted last year by a popular uprising against his 30-year rule.

Mubarak's sons, Alaa and Gamal, are in prison facing corruption charges. Their 84-year-old father was sentenced in June to life in prison over the killing of protesters.

Dozens of legal cases have been filed against Mubarak associates since he fell on 11 February 2011.
 

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The Cabinet has allocated an LE1 billion budget to the Sinai Development Authority (SDA), said authority head General Shawky Rashwan on Thursday.

The US has granted the authority US$50 million to help start development work in the area, and the Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation has earmarked LE24 million to fund the SDA’s urgent needs, Raswhan continued.

The SDA’s executive charter has been drafted and the Cabinet should endorse it in a meeting next week, Rashwan said following a Sinai development committee meeting headed by Prime Minister Hesham Qandil today.

Rashwan added that he has met with Defense Minister Abdel Fattah al-Sisi to discuss how to purge Sinai of terrorist strongholds and kick start development projects in the region. Sisi endorsed setting aside LE250 million to fund the presence and work of the Armed Forces to secure the area.

This Red Sea peninsula east of Egypt was ignored under the rule of ousted President Mubarak, in spite of calls to give more importance to that part of the country. Terrorist groups have increased their footprint in the area since the January 2011 revolution.

The SDA was formed last June according to a ministerial decree. Rashwan was named its head in July. 

Edited translation from Al-Masry Al-Youm

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“Something is being prepared in the dark, on both sides… the only true winners are the regimes of both countries,” wrote an Egyptian Facebook user commenting on the nationalistic hysteria stoked by the media both before and after last week’s World Cup qualifying football match between Egypt and Algeria.

So far, there has been little to suggest the existence of such grand distractions, allegations of which recall the 1997 Hollywood film "Wag the Dog," which tells the story of a US president who distracts the electorate from a pre-election sex scandal by conjuring up an artificial US war on Albania. After all, Egypt’s parliamentary and presidential elections are still one and two years away, respectively.

Such reactions are, nevertheless, revealing. At the end of the day, all the fuss was over a football match — but the subsequent furor was hardly confined to athletic issues, be they the poor performance of the Egyptian team or the future of team coach Hassan Shehata’s career.

On Tuesday, Egyptian state and private media highlighted President Hosni Mubarak’s honorary reception of the national team less than one week after its 0-1 defeat by Algeria. The local press focused on Mubarak’s statement that “the safety and dignity of Egyptians is much more important than qualifying for the World Cup.” It also barely mentioned the LE6 million in financial rewards doled out by the state to team players and managers. Criticism of the defeated team, meanwhile, was conscientiously avoided.

Columnist Fahmy Howeidy of independent daily Shorouk saw Mubarak’s highly-publicized attentions to the national  team as a means of bolstering political legitimacy.

"Unlike US President Barak Obama, who visited Fort Hood to comfort American troops… President Mubarak decided to visit the national team,” Howeidy wrote. He went on to note that the president had failed in the past to commemorate the victims of tragic accidents, such as the 2006 Al Salam ferry boat disaster that claimed the lives of more than 1300 people.

The celebratory atmosphere surrounding the team was spearheaded by Mubarak’s two sons, Alaa and Gamal, described by leading state-run daily Al-Ahram as “the heroes of the popular epic that brought in the victory” over Algeria in the 14 November match — before the team was disqualified four days later in Sudan.

The support of the presidential scions also extended to “mobilizing the [ruling] National Democratic Party’s networks and infrastructure in printing Egyptian flags and transferring fans to Sudan,” reported official daily Al-Akhbar.

Shourouk’s correspondent in Sudan noted that over 2,000 Egyptian fans who attended the decisive match loudly chanted, “Benhebak ya rayes” — "We love you, Mr. president" — as soon as Gamal Mubarak appeared in the stadium’s VIP box.

Shorouk Chief Editor Salama Ahmed Salama wondered why Egyptians are so obsessed with football — to the extent that the sport has become "their only arena for identifying with the nation.” The veteran writer argued that “football — unlike politics — is a fair game, where the result is a function of your competence and cannot be made subject to the will of those in power.”

Columnist Wael Abdel Fattah of independent daily Dostor agreed, noting that football had become “the lone field in which Egyptians can distinguish themselves in the regional and global arena.” Abdel Fattah went on to write that post-colonial Egypt had failed in almost every aspect — political, economic and cultural — and thus football has remained the only venue in which “to show the world that Egyptians can compete.”

He added that football victories “have become the only events in which people can celebrate openly and express their common solidarity without being cracked down upon by security forces.”

In this context, the unsavory behavior of a handful of Algerian football hooligans could easily be transformed into a “government-sponsored act of terrorism” by “Algerian mercenaries,” as some of Egypt’s top officials in the mainstream media — including Alaa Mubarak — chose to describe events.

Alaa’s telephone interviews on certain Egyptian call-in talk shows, in which he aggressively defended "Egypt’s dignity" in the face of Algerian provocations, reportedly bolstered his popularity. The president’s eldest son vehemently insisted that he spoke in his capacity as “a regular citizen and not as the son of the head of state.”

Ibrahim Eissa, vocal critic of the regime and editor-in-chief of Dostor, provided 12 reasons "why Egyptians love Alaa," pointing to the fact that he is “simple, spontaneous and has not exploited his links to benefit materially.”

“If Alaa decided to run in upcoming presidential elections [in 2011], he would secure a landslide victory,” Shorouk opined.

Aside from attempting to bridge the gap between Egypt’s rulers and ruled, the two recent Egypt-Algeria matches have been instrumental in driving home one of the regime’s dearest claims to legitimacy — namely, the need for stability. At a time of rising discontent — with vast swathes of the public believing that the "rule of law" is little more than a rhetorical device, and that the police apparatus is there only to assure the regime’s survival — the matches offered a rare opportunity to alter these popular perceptions.

The message that has been consistently repeated by the media is that Egyptians and Egyptian interests in Algeria were violated, because the Algerian authorities were incapable of controlling the mob. Attacks on Egyptians in Sudan, meanwhile, were attributed to the fact that Sudan is "a dysfunctional state.” News features hastened to depict Sudanese security forces as inept, incapable of preventing attacks by Algerian fans on their Egyptian counterparts.

“Egypt is a secure and stable country in which its people can move safely in the streets, every corner of which is subject to police control,” bragged Abdalla Kamal, chief editor of government daily Rose el-Youssef. “In a region characterized by civil rifts and failed states, Egypt stands out as a bastion of strong security institutions.”
 

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The Rafah border wall news dominated most major newspapers headlines.

The independent daily Al-Shorouq lead with news that the Rafah border wall will be suspended until the situation in Rafah calms down. "Egypt has information that the situation is so tense in Gaza that we can expect any breakthrough to express their anger against the wall," said one of the many anonymous sources in the lead feature.

The pro-government Rose Al-Youssef fronted with a long editorial, also about the wall, by Chief Editor Abdallah Kamal. "All those who are threatening Egypt’s security in any way, whether directly or indirectly, breaking into, or smuggling, or demonstrating, all of these now have a clear warning that Egypt will never let anyone mess with its security," the editorial said.

Kamal was seconded by Mohammed Barakat’s editorial in the state-owned Al-Akhbar. Barakat reminded the Palestinians "that Egypt has always supported their cause, and will never accept that they pay her back by messing up with the eastern border security."

Al-Wafd newspaper announced that work resumed yesterday on the Rafah border wall. The paper, which is affiliated with the liberal Wafd party, ran photos of a long line of machine trucks arriving in Rafah to continue work "after Hamas opened fire on the construction machines a few days ago."
 
The second topic dominating  the papers today was the Muslim Brotherhood elections, which ended yesterday. Results of the election for a new Brotherhood leader should be announced in a few hours and all the newspapers are anticipating heated debates and even clashes within the group.

In its weekly edition, the independent Al-Dostour lead with a big file on the Brotherhood lamenting what appears to be an electoral defeat for the reformist wing of the group. In his leading feature, Sobhie Abdel Salam wrote that he "expects more divisions and struggles within the group in the near future. Not only that, the MB may become more absorbed in its internal conflicts and eventually end up isolated from the political scene."

Al-Dostour’s second lead story was an in depth feature on Egyptian private TV channels, their relationship with the state, and state owned TV. Al-Dostour researched the history of Dream, the first private channel in Egypt, and chronicled Dream’s ups and downs, experiences with censorship, and other history. The report also featured interviews with leading media figures including Motaz el-Demerdash, Mona el-Shazli, Mahmoud Saad–who has a full figure photo on the front page.

But the most interesting piece in Al-Dostour ran under the headline "Who is the Egyptian official, you would like to throw tomatoes and rotten eggs at?"

In this feature the paper asked what would happen if someone hit an Egyptian official, as in the recent case of Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who was struck in the face with a statue. Al-Dostour asked lawyers and legislator how an assailant could be punished under hidden articles in the law.
 

State-owned newspapers Al-Ahram and Al-Akhbar focused headlines on President Mubarak’s successful visit to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Some of the headlines in Al-Akhbar read as "Continuing cooperation between Mubarak and Abdullah in all fields, more investments, and trade exchanges" and "Mubarak and Abdallah discuss the Iranian file." The two leaders seem to have discussed Iran’s nuclear program and perceived threats to the region.

Al-Ahram newspaper lead with the warning headline "Gulf security is part of the Egyptian security." Rose Al-Youssef took it even further with a headline that read, "Saudi diplomats: Egypt is the undefeated umbrella that protects all Arabs," in a story reported from Abu Dhabi.

Only the independent press covered Egyptian intellectual Nasr Abu Zeid’s comments directed at Kuwaiti authorities who denied him entry to the Gulf sheikhdom. Abu Zeid contends that Kuwaiti Islamists were behind the decision. "Intellectuals aren’t pariahs; I don’t have swine flu that they should deny me entry," he said.

Abu Zeid added that, although he had a valid visa for Kuwait–where he had been invited by Ahmed el-Baghdadi, head of the Kuwaiti Cultural Dialogue Center–he had been denied entry at the airport without explanation.

Al-Shorouq‘s coverage of Viva Palestina stood among the best stories of the day. Viva Palestina is an international aid and solidarity convoy headed overland from Europe to Gaza, currently on its way to Damascus. Al-Shorouq cited the Twitter chronicles of Joti Brar, a British member of the convoy.
 

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The National Democratic Party dominated the headlines in both Al-Ahram and Al-Akhbar, with details of yesterday’s party conference making up the bulk of the reports. “We believe in democracy and freedom,” Secretary General Safwat el-Sherif was quoted as saying in Al-Akhbar, before proceeding to remind everyone present that President Mubarak had rightfully won the last round of elections, which were transparent and fair. El-Sherif also reiterated the NDP’s support for other political parties, stating, “True democracy can only stem from a multitude of voices and real diversity.”

Gamal Mubarak, who was also present as assistant secretary general of the NDP, announced, “There are no heirs to the government and the constitution, according to its most recent amendments, will not allow anyone or any party to impose himself as a ruler over the Egyptian people against their will.”

Al-Ahram focused more on the details of the conference, which outlined the NDP’s plans for the upcoming parliamentary elections and how certain measures, such as a universal health insurance program and retirement and pension programs, would be implemented. Al-Ahram also quoted el-Sherif as saying “There will be no adjustments or changes made to the constitution prior to the upcoming elections. The elections will be held according to the current constitution.” Gamal Mubarak added, “The coming six months will see a massive follow-up on the implementation of several economic, social, and political initiatives.”

Both Al-Ahram and Al-Akhbar ran a paragraph on the three-day opening of the Egypt-Rafah border, which Al-Ahram called “an effort by the Egyptian authorities to relieve the Palestinian people of their burdens.” Al-Akhbar also mentioned a Nigerian man’s failed attempt to blow up a commercial airplane bound for Detroit.

Al-Ahram gave more space to the other major story on the papers’ front pages: riots in Iran. The Iranian government has declared a three-day period of emergency law in response to the sudden outbreak of riots following Ayatollah Hussein Montazeri’s death several days ago. According to Iranian bloggers, the Revolutionary Guard has been extremely violent in dealing with rioters, often using a variety of tear gases to quell chants of "Death to the Dictator!"

Al-Akhbar attributed the Revolutionary Guard’s storming of a student-run news agency to the day being Ashura, a Shia holiday commemorating the death of Imam Hussein. Al-Dostour mentioned Montazeri’s death while reporting that Egyptian Shia would not be hold mourning councils for the ayatollah, out of fear of attacks from Wahabis and Salafis.

Also on Al-Dostour’s front page was news of the Workers Union calling on President Mubarak to run for another term, and blaming “invisible hands” for nominating “unsuitable names.” Union leader Hussein Mogawer and Minister of Manpower and Immigration Aisha Abdel Hady also confirmed their full support of the wall at Rafah, citing it as a “matter of national security.” Abdel Hady was quoted as saying “Does it make sense to leave those borders open for people to come and go as they please?”

Al-Dostour also carried news on the latest sighting of the Virgin Mary, which allegedly appeared in ten different locations around Cairo last Tuesday. The phenomenon, which has been causing a stir over the past few days was explained by Al-Koms Abdel Messih Baseet, a professor at the Clerical University. “The Virgin Mary cannot appear in several places at once, as many simple-minded people have claimed, because there is only one Virgin Mary," Al-Dostour quoted Baseet as saying. "She can, however, move as fast as lightning, making it only seem like she is in several places at once.”

News of the Egyptian police gunning down 14 young men as they attempted to cross the border into Libya also made headlines in Al-Dostour. Thirty-one men, who sneaked out of the small border villages of Maghagha and Beni Mazar, were spotted by Egyptian police forces. Al-Dostour describes the police as opening fire, slaying 14, and arresting 11. The remaining six escaped into Libya.

None of these stories were covered in Al-Wafd, which was more interested in the wall between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, particularly shipping details for materials required to build the wall. An image of the order form was displayed prominently on the paper’s front page, on which could be seen the logo for Russian steel company Evraz, which will supply the 16 tons of steel required, according to Al-Wafd.

Al-Wafd also ran news on the swine flu vaccinations, which apparently cause paralysis of the nervous system. According to Dr. Sadek Abdel Aal, council to the former Minister of Health, the vaccinations that the government intends to give schoolchildren have been known to cause severe neurological conditions in the United States during the 1970s. “The side-effects only become evident after several years,” warned Abdel Aal.

Meanwhile, the Muslim Brotherhood has reported that it will not give in to pressure from the media to grant interviews. Al-Wafd said group members fear having their own words used against them. The paper also wrote that internal conflict within the Brotherhood has reached a boiling point, which might be the reason behind their increasing paranoia.

The bottom corner of Al-Wafd’s front page featured an early campaign poster for Gamal Mubarak, who appears to have gained the endorsement of the president. The poster was seen hanging from a balcony in Ezbet el-Hagana, an area currently under threat of demolition.

Al-Shorouq went in a completely different direction, leading with a story on Egypt’s preparations for the development of a nuclear power program. The plan, which is still in its earliest stages, will be based on a report to be presented to President Mubarak in early January. A global bidding process will be held in February 2011 to determine a company to implement the plan.

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